This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Isohanni, M. Articles by Rantakallio, P. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Isohanni, M. Articles by Rantakallio, P. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Smoking or Quitting during Pregnancy

Associations with Background and Future Social Factors

Matti Isohanni, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Finland, Address for offprints: Matti Isohanni, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry University of Oulu FIN-90210 Oulu, Finland

Hannu Oja

Hannu Oja, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Oulu, Finland

Irma Moilanen

Irma Moilanen, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, Finland

Markku Koiranen

Markku Koiranen, Department of public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Paula Rantakallio

Paula Rantakallio, Department of public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Current and future social factors associated with smoking habits during pregnancy were assessed. Data on maternal smoking, social background and the family's development during the 21 years after delivery were gathered for a prospective longitudinal cohort study of 12068 pregnant women and their children in Northern Finland in 1966 and for a second birth cohort of 9 362 mothers in 1985–86. The prevalence of smoking before pregnancy was 22% in the 1966 cohort (29% in 1985–86). 12% (18%) of the women continued smoking throughout their pregnancy. The following background factors were mainly associated with the mother's smoking and/or continuing during pregnancy in both cohorts when mother's age, parity, place of residence and social class were standardized: mother's age under 23, parity two or more, low social class, urban dwelling, unmarried, gainful employment and heavy smoking. The follow-up responses after 14 and 21 years, respectively, were mostly more favourable among the non-smoking mothers and those who quit smoking during pregnancy — e.g. stable family structure, child's smoking and drinking habits and application for intermediate education. Smoking throughout pregnancy or quitting of smoking late in pregnancy were associated with undesirable future development of the child and family in most of these aspects.

Key Words: smoking • smoking cessation • pregnancy • social factors • child follow-up

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 23, No. 1, 32-38 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/140349489502300107


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?