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Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 27, No. 1, 56-62 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/14034948990270010301

Are male and female smokers at equal risk of smoking-related cancer: evidence from a Swedish prospective study

L. Anders Nordlund

Department of Health and Society, Tema Research, Linköpings University, Linköping, andno{at}tema.liu.se

John M. Carstensen

Department of Health and Society, Tema Research, Linköpings University, Linköping

Göran Pershagen

Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

This study examines sex differences in the relative risks of lung cancer and other smoking-related cancers (i.e. cancers of the upper respiratory tract, oesophagus, pancreas, bladder, and renal pelvis). Data on smoking habits in 1963 from a random sample of 56,000 men and women were linked with information on new cases of cancer for 1964 - 89. Compared with people who have never smoked, the relative risks of lung cancer at different levels of pack-years completed in 1963 (>5, 6 - 15, 16 - 25 and 25+ pack-years) were 1.6, 4.4, 14.2, and 17.9 for men, and 2.1, 6.3, 10.3, and 16.5 for women. The corresponding relative risks of other smoking-related cancers were 1.8, 3.0 5.4, and 6.4 for men, and 2.0, 3.1, 5.0, and 6.5 for women. These results suggest that men and women have similar relative risks of smoking-related cancers at different levels of smoking.

Key Words: smoking-related neoplasm • lung neoplasm • men • prospective studies • sex factors • smoking • women.


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