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Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 30, No. 1, 62-69 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/14034948020300010101

Boys and girls smoking within the Danish elementary school classes: a group-level analysis

Mette Rasmussen

Institute of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, M.Rasmussen{at}socmed.ku.dk

Mogens T. Damsgaard

Institute of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Pernille Due

Institute of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Bjørn E. Holstein

Institute of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Aims: To quantify the correlation between male and female smoking prevalence in elementary school classes by group-level analysis. Methods: This study was the Danish contribution to the cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 1998. Ninety school classes at grade nine (1,515 students) from a random sample of schools in Denmark took part. The proportion of male and female "at all '' smokers and daily smokers in the school class was calculated. Results: The mean "at all'' smoking proportion in the school classes is 39% for girls and 32% for boys. The proportion of male and female smokers within school classes does not correlate. There is high variation in male and female smoking behaviour between school classes. Conclusions: The infl uence of social classroom environment on the processes causing smoking behaviour may be different for boys and girls. This paper illustrates that group-level analysis provides valuable new knowledge.

Key Words: adolescence • gender • school class • group-level analysis • smoking.


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A. Johansen, S. Rasmussen, and M. Madsen
Health behaviour among adolescents in Denmark: Influence of school class and individual risk factors
Scand J Public Health, January 1, 2006; 34(1): 32 - 40.
[Abstract] [PDF]