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Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 30, No. 3, 41-48 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/14034948020300032401

Socioeconomic status and psychosocial work environment: results from a Danish national study

Tage S. Kristensen

National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen, Denmark, tsk{at}ami.dk

Vilhelm Borg

National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen, Denmark, vb{at}ami.dk, hh{at}ami.dk

Harald Hannerz

National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen, Denmark

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and a number of psychosocial work environment factors with a potential impact on inequality in health. Methods: A representative sample of 1,684 adult Danish employees fi lled in a standardized questionnaire or were interviewed by telephone. The response rate was 62%. The population was divided into four levels of SES (I to IV ). The psychosocial work environment was described with 19 scales. Results: Quantitative, cognitive, and emotional job demands and a number of dimensions related to active and developmental work showed higher levels among high SES individuals. Job insecurity was highest among women with low SES. Dimensions describing interpersonal relations, social support, and leadership showed no clear associations with SES. Conclusions: Prevention aiming at improving health and reducing inequality in health should focus on the dimensions of active and developmental work: infl uence at work, possibilities for development, degrees of freedom, and meaning of work. Furthermore, job insecurity should be reduced.

Key Words: Denmark • inequality in health • job insecurity • job stress • psychosocial factors • prevention • psychosocial work environment • social class • social support • socioeconomic status.


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