This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Calling, S. Articles by Janzon, L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Calling, S. Articles by Janzon, L. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Effects of body fatness and physical activity on cardiovascular risk: Risk prediction using the bioelectrical impedance method

Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, susanna.calling{at}med.lu.se

Bo Hedblad

Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

Gunnar Engström

Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

Göran Berglund

Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

Lars Janzon

Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

Aims: To explore the effects of body fat percentage (BF%) on incidence of and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to study the cardio-protective effect of physical activity in relation to BF%. Methods: A total of 26,942 men and women, aged 45—73 years, without history of CVD were followed up for incidence of coronary events (CE), ischaemic stroke, and CVD mortality over seven years in relation to sex-specific quartiles (Q1—Q4) of BF%. The cardio-protective effect of leisure-time physical activity was studied in relation to BF%. Results: In men, the relative risk (RR) for CE and CVD mortality increased progressively with BF%. RR for CE in Q4 was 1.37 (95% confidence interval: 1.07—1.74), adjusted for age, height, smoking, high alcohol intake, and physical activity, compared with Q1. In women, BF% was significantly associated with incidence of CE and stroke. BF% was more strongly correlated to body mass index (BMI) (r=0.83) and waist circumference (r=0.76) in women than in men (r=0.59 and r=0.66, respectively). BF% was a stronger risk factor than BMI in women, and equally strong as waist circumference. A significant interaction (p=0.013 for incidence of CE, p=0.026 for ischaemic stroke) was found between BF% and sex. The raised cardiovascular risk was reduced by physical activity in subjects with high BF%. Conclusions: BF% is a risk factor for CE, ischaemic stroke, and CVD mortality. An interaction between BF% and sex suggests that BF% is a stronger CVD risk factor in women. The raised cardiovascular risk associated with high BF% is reduced by physical activity.

Key Words: Bioelectrical impedance • body composition • cardiovascular diseases • physical activity • myocardial infarction • obesity

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?