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Preventing evictions as a potential public health intervention: Characteristics and social medical risk factors of households at risk in Amsterdam

GGD Municipal Public Health Service Amsterdam, Dr Valckenier Outreach Primary Care Practice for the Homeless, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ivlaere{at}ggd.amsterdam.nl, laere{at}telfort.nl

Matty De Wit

GGD Municipal Public Health Service Amsterdam, Dr Valckenier Outreach Primary Care Practice for the Homeless, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Niek Klazinga

GGD Municipal Public Health Service Amsterdam, Dr Valckenier Outreach Primary Care Practice for the Homeless, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Department of Social Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Aims: The public health problems precipitating evictions are understudied and no systemic data have been collected. We aim to identify the magnitude of evictions and the characteristics and social medical risk factors of households at risk in Amsterdam. This will help inform policies designed to prevent eviction. Methods: In 2003, case workers of housing associations dealing with rent arrears, and case workers of nuisance control care networks, were interviewed and completed questionnaires about households at risk of eviction. Questionnaires included the processes that resulted in eviction and the characteristics and social medical problems of the households involved. Evicted households were compared with non-evicted households. Results: In Amsterdam, over recent years 1,400 evictions, or four per 1,000 dwellings, took place annually. Of 275 households with rent arrears, 132 were evicted. Of 190 nuisance households, 136 were evicted. In both groups, the largest household group were single male tenants between 25 and 44 years. For those reporting rent arrears, social problems were reported in 71%, medical problems in 23%; independent risk factors for eviction were being of Dutch origin (OR 2.38 (1.30—4.36)) and having a drug-addiction problem (OR 3.58 (0.96—13.39)). For the nuisance households, social problems were reported in 46% and medical problems in 82%, while financial difficulties were a risk factor for eviction (OR: 8.04 (1.05—61.7)). Conclusions: In Amsterdam, households at risk of eviction consisted mainly of single (Dutch) men, aged between 25 and 44 years, often with a combination of social and medical problems. Financial difficulties and drug addiction were independent risk factors for eviction. Because of the social medical problems that were prevalent, for prevention practice evictions should be considered both a socioeconomic and a public health problem. Preventing evictions deserves full attention as a potential effective public health intervention.

Key Words: Addiction • Amsterdam • evictions • nuisance • pathways into homelessness • public health strategies • rent arrears

This version was published on September 1, 2009

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 37, No. 7, 697-705 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1403494809343479


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